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#9809 - Applications A3 Comparison Table - BPC Civil Litigation

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APPLICATION PURPOSE TEST TIME OF ORDER WHEN TO APPLY? WHO CAN APPLY? ON NOTICE? EVIDENCE IN SUPPORT? TIMING OF SERVICE EVIDENCE IN REPLY? HEARING JUDGE COSTS OF THE APPLICATION
General rules for applications for court orders (Part 23)

Set out general rules for court orders.

Applies to all applications for orders or directions made before the trial or substantive hearing of the claim:

  1. case management matters

  2. interim injunctions

  3. other interim remedies

  4. interim payments

  5. security for costs

  6. orders for responses to requests for further information

Depends on order applying for. At any time, including after judgment

As soon as apparent it is necessary / desirable

ASAP BUT after A has come on to court record

Pre-action if:

  1. urgent; OR

  2. otherwise desirable / necessary in the interests of justice

Depends

Yes, unless good reason:

  1. exceptional urgency

  2. OO best furthered

  3. by consent

  4. permitted by rule, PD, court order

  5. hearing date fixed and no time

Unless secret informal notice

Yes, generally.

4 formats (must contain statement of truth):

  1. full info in body of application notice

  2. SoCs

  3. WSs

  4. affidavit / affirmation

interim remedies - must include

case management directions - no

If there is to be a hearing, must serve application notice (+ evidence + draft order) ASAP after filing and minimum 3 clear days before hearing

telephone hearing: serve 5 clear days before

Don't serve if without notice

May file

ASAP and in accordance with any directions

Yes, unless:

  1. parties agree terms of order sought

  2. parties agree to no hearing

  3. court thinks inappropriate

May be by telephone if case management / interim hearing <1 hour

judge

OR

master

OR

DJ

Parties must file statement of costs not less than 24 hours before hearing

Summary assessment after hearing if <1 day

Payable within 14 days

Application for default judgment

Must apply if:

  1. claim served outside jurisdiction

  2. D is child / PP

  3. claim for other than fixed costs

  4. tort claim by one spouse against another

  5. D seeks some other remedy than indemnity / contribution against non-party

N/A After D fails to file AoS and / or defence

As soon as apparent it is necessary / desirable

i.e. After D fails to file AoS and / or defence

C Must serve application notice, including C's DoB (if known)

Must include

Also include certificate of service if C served PoC

Only serve evidence in support if D filed AoS
Application to set aside default judgment

Set aside default judgment

(Court can also do of own initiative)

Must set aside if:

  1. essential conditions about failure to AoS etc. not satisfied

  2. claim satisfied befor judgment entered

  3. D already applied for SJ / strike out

  4. D filed admission requesting time to pay

May set aside if:

  1. D has a real prospect of successfully defending the claim; OR

  2. some other good reason

After default judgment entered

As soon as apparent it is necessary / desirable

i.e. After default judgment entered

If D has applied for SJ OR strike out, not until SJ / strike out application disposed of

D
Summary judgment

Dispose of weak claim, obtain summary determination of some issues.

Alternative to strike out.

A must prove R:

  1. has no real prospect of success in bringing / defending the claim; AND

  2. no other compelling reason for trial

After D files AoS

As soon as apparent it is necessary / desirable

Only after D files AoS

- usually between AoS and filing DQ (before allocation)

If C fails to comply with PAP, only after period for filing defence expires

specific performance: after service of claim form

D, except:

  1. possession proceedings against protected mortgage / tenancy

  2. admiralty claims in rem

OR

C

OR

court of own initiative

Must include

If there is to be a hearing, must serve application notice (+ evidence + draft order) ASAP after filing and minimum 14 clear days before hearing, informing R that must file evidence in reply within 7 days of hearing

specific performance: serve 4 clear days before hearing

If wish to rely on evidence at hearing R must file and serve within 7 clear days before hearing

If wish to rely, A must file and serve further evidence within 3 clear days of hearing

Strike out

Plain and obvious case where trial pointless

Alternative to SJ.

May strike out SoC / part of SoC if:

  1. discloses no reasonable grounds for bringing or defending the claim;

  2. abuse of process;

  3. otherwise likely to obstruct just disposal of proceedings

  4. failure to comply with rule, PD, court order; OR

If several grounds: plain and obvious that trial pointless?

Before D files defence (otherwise acquiesced) As soon as apparent it is necessary / desirable

Parties

OR

court of own initiative

OR

court officer can refer (except failure to comply with rule, PD, court order)

Not usually
APPLICATION PURPOSE TEST TIME OF ORDER WHEN TO APPLY? WHO CAN APPLY? ON NOTICE? EVIDENCE IN SUPPORT? TIMING OF SERVICE EVIDENCE IN REPLY? HEARING JUDGE COSTS OF THE APPLICATION
Interim payment (interim remedy) For D to pay C for (part of) amount of judgment where C can show liability will be established

Court may make if one of following:

  1. D admitted liability

  2. C obtained judgement against D

  3. if claim went to trial, C would obtain judgment against D for a substantial sum

  4. C seeking order for possession of land: if case went to trial D would be held liable to pay C for use and occupation of land whilst claim pending

  5. more than 2 Ds:

    1. if claim went to trial, C would obtain judgment against at least 1 D for a substantial sum

    2. all Ds: insured, public bodies, uninsured drivers represented by MIB

Court may award a reasonable proportion of likely final judgment (- contrib, set off, counterclaim)

After period for filing AoS has expired

After period for filing AoS has expired

May make second application if change of circumstances

C

OR

Voluntary (if liability not in dispute but quantum if) - still need permission if D is child / PP

Must include:

  1. sum sought

  2. purpose money needed for (need real need for money)

  3. likely sum of final judgment

  4. PI: specials, past + future loss

  5. fatal accidents: dependant

If there is to be a hearing, must serve application notice (+ evidence + draft order) ASAP after filing and minimum 14 clear days before hearing, informing R that must file evidence in reply within 7 days of hearing

PI: include certificate of recoverable benefits

If wish to rely on evidence at hearing R must file and serve within 7 clear days before hearing

If wish to rely, A must file and serve further evidence within 3 clear days of hearing

Interim delivery up of goods (interim remedy) Proceedings for wrongful interference with goods

Guidelines:

  1. clear evidence D intends to dispose of goods

  2. some evidence D acquired goods wrongfully

  3. order must not oppress D

C
Inspection of property during proceedings (interim remedy)

Orders re: relevant property for:

  1. detention, custody, preservation

  2. inspection

  3. sampling

  4. experimenting

  5. sale (if perishable or need to sell quickly)

  6. payment of income from property till claim concluded

AND

Order authorising person to enter property to do above

Is the property relevant - a physical thing which is the subject of a claim? After proceedings issued

Allocation stage with DQ (draft consent directions)

at CMC

on application after issue

C - against a party

Must include

order to enter property - must be affidavit

Pre-action inspection / disclosure - s33 SCA

(interim remedy)

Inspection of property OR disclosure of documents before proceedings issued
  1. R likely to be a party

  2. A likely to be a party

  3. relevant documents / property is / has been in R's possession, custody or power

  4. if proceedings had started, R's duty of standard disclosure would extend to documents

  5. desirable to: dispose fairly of proceedings / assist dispute to be resolved without proceedings / save costs

Before proceedings issued (no need to fulfil further test) Before proceedings issued Potential C - against a party Must include R awarded costs of application and compliance (unless has acted unreasonably / not complied with PAP)

Inspection / disclosure against a non-party during proceedings - s34 SCA

(interim remedy)

Inspection of property OR disclosure of documents against a non-party during proceedings
  1. relevant documents / property is / has been in R's possession, custody or power

  2. document / property likely to support A's case OR adversely affect another party's case

  3. necessary to: dispose fairly of proceedings / save costs

After proceedings issued (no need to fulfil further test) After proceedings issued C - against non-party Must include R awarded costs of application and compliance (unless has acted unreasonably / not complied with PAP)
APPLICATION PURPOSE TEST TIME OF ORDER WHEN TO APPLY? WHO CAN APPLY? ON NOTICE? EVIDENCE IN SUPPORT? TIMING OF SERVICE EVIDENCE IN REPLY? HEARING JUDGE COSTS OF THE APPLICATION
Interim injunction (interim remedy) Prevent person doing something / require them to do something
  1. just and convenient

  2. serious issue to be tried

  3. damages adequate for A

  4. C's undertaking provides adequate protection for D

  5. balance of convenience

IMI - high degree of assurance AND course likely to include least injustice

Defamation - no injunction if defence of fair dealing OR libel not obviously untrue

Art 8 / Art 10 - C must establish case which would probably succeed at trial.

Balance = info protected by Art 8? If so should Art 8 yield to Art 10?

finally dispose of claim - case overwhelming on merits

covenants in restraint of trade...

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